Coking retort oven



Dec) 9,' 1930.

.1. BECKER COKING RETORT OVEN original Filed Jan. 2, 1923 11 sheets-'sheet 1 iik Dec. 9,l 1930. J. BECKER COXING RETORT OVEN Original Filed Jan. 2, 1923 `l1 Sheets-Sheet 2 D ec. 9, 1930. J. BECKER COKING RETORT 'OVEN riginal Filed Jan. 2, 192s 11 sheets-sheet 5 Dec. 9, 1930. A. J'. BECKER Y 1,784,414

' v conne nEToaT pvu original Filed Jan. 2, 192s 11 sheets-sheet 4 Dec. 9, 1930. J. BECKER 1,784,414

` COKIN@ RET'oRT ovEN Original Filed Jan. 2, 1923 11 Sheets-Sheet 6 .z5 z5 z5 ze za VZW Zig@

Dec. 9, 1930. J. BECKER colma@ EToRT ovm:

11 Sheets-Sheet '7 Original Filed Jan. 2I 1923 h\ ..010 zorromw x@ e ww Dec. 9, 1930. J. BECKER 1,784,414

- coruna mfom oven original' Filed Jan, 2, w23 11 sheets-sheet 8 ffl-57 I y 55;

fig-

Dec. 9, 1930. 1 BECKER y 1,784,414

coKING RETORT OVEN Original Filed Jan. 2,-1923 l1 Sheets-Sheet 9 I la 'o ,0 ,o o l; o ,e l 4%. A; l Il Il AI A d 1 .A V v .Y /Y P V Y f V o o o o n e o ,o g ,o o o o n o o o n o Al/l/lA 4 Inc/1, l -w 7:/ 7/ Jr Dec. 9, 1930. .1. BECKER CQKING RETORT OVEN 11 ySheets-Sheet 10 Original Filed Jan. 2, 19215 N\\ Il A .0-6 zoouw Rim Patented Dec. 9,' 1930 UNITED STATES" PATENT OFFICE J OISEPH BECKER, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, .ASSIGNOR T0 THE, KOPIIRS COM- PANY, 0F PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVNIA.

COKING'r RETORT OVEN Application led January 2, 1923, Serial No. 6143,10'7. Renewed April v1, 1930.

This invention comprehends improvements of general utility 1n the coking retort oven art; and alsocomprehends certainimprove- 4ments especially applicable to coling retortovens of the longitudinal-regenerative type in which the regenerators extend parallel With the longitudinal axis of the oven battery and transversely in respectk of theA coking chambers and the heating Walls.

The invention has for objects the provision of a coking retort oven having, as important characteristics: The embodiment of the crossover flow-duct principle exemplified in my prior Letters Patent of the United States N o. 1,374,546, for clring retort-oven, dated April 12, 1921, in a coke oven battery ivith longitudinal regenerators; and, as a. further feature,'the employment of the cross-over duct principle in a longitudinal regenerative coke oven that is alternativelyoperable, according to the combination oven principle, for being tired` with its own relatively rich distillate gas, lor with an extraneously derived relatively lean gas, such as ordinary producer gas or blast furnace gas.

-By the invention, there is provided a flue construction that. permits a considerable reduction not only in the length but also in the crosssectional dimensions of the .horizontal or bus tluesflocated at the top of the'vertical tlameflues and connecting a plurality of the latterwithrcach other; and, as a feature that may be secured by the above structural improvements, a novel system of control ofthe ioW through the flame lines of the heating Walls, permitting flow in the same direction through all the iame iiues of each heating Wall, with the result that all of the dame flues of each heating Wall are veither simultaneously burning or simultaneously operating as downiovv tiues for carrying away the Waste gases to outiiow operating regenerators.

lith regard tothe novel flue construction, for example, a pair of horizontal lues in each heating Wall may bc substituted for the usual single horizontal flue which extends from end to end of the heating Wall. lVith a pair of separate horizontal flues, each member of the pair need communicate with only approximatelv half the total .number of flues of the heating Wall and consequently the dimensions of each flue may beconsiderably decreased because of the consequent reduction in the volume offloW which must be maintained .through the horizontal flue. The above stated height of the coking chambers so that the lat- I ter may be made narrower in Width, a development greatly facilitating the coking of high .volatile coals, and yet having adequate provisionv for taking care of the increased volume of combustion products, Without male ing it necessary to enlarge the horizontal Hue dimensions to sizes consistent With adequate strength of the Wall construction in the region of suchflues. The tiue construction of the invention is furthermore of great' irriportance in oven batteries i'ired with extraneously-derlved gas, such as producerigas,l since the employment of such gas results in an 1ncreased volume of combustion productsand adequate iiue spaces must be provided to collect and feed to the doWnl'loW operating flues this increased volume of combustion products'. By the invention, the flue construction may beV adequately accommodated y' to such increased volume of combustion products, Without introducing elements of Weakness into the wall structure.

In addition to the objects cited above, the

invention 'has for other objects such otherr improvements or advantages in construction and operation as are found to obtain in the structures and devices hereinafter described or claimed. v

In the accompanying drawings, forming a v part of this specification, and vshowing for purposes of exempliication, a preferred form and manner in which the invention may be embodied and practised, but Without limiting the claimed invention to such illustrative instance or instances :y

Figure 1 is a crossWise vertical section Ait `glo

- similar to Figure 1, but of combination o ven tplntla v11ew bein taken ina lane in icate t e, ine"4 u g P y' '21.141115'1111Figs,l 2, and 6, and, in the present ninstance, are directly supported by the heavy by the -line A-Aof Figure 5;

through a coke oven battery of the coke oven type embodying. features above speciped with the improvements fied and equip of the present lnvention, the viewl being taken coking chamber longitudinally through a aud transversely through the regenerators,

yinl a 'plane indicated by the line B-B of Figure 2;

Figure 2 is aV vertical section and elevation taken longitudinally of the coke. oven battary, -in planes indicated by ofFigurel;

Figure 3 isa erosswise vertical section a coke oven battery of the B-B of Figure et; f

` i Figure 4 is a vertical sectionalielevatiou taken longitudinally of they coke oven "bat ter showninFi ure 3 in lanes indicated@ y g p located, as shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 5, beneath by the line 'Asl-Aoi Figure 3; ,i v Figure 5 is a crosswisefvertical section of afurther embodiment of the. invention' kin a coke oven battery of the combination joven type, thevie'wbeing vtakeniin a plane indi cated by the line B-B of Figure 6; i

[Figure 6 is a verticalfsection and elevation ,ta-ken longitudinally of the coke oven battery shown in Figure 5, inplanes indicated Figure 7 is a horizontal' sectiontalienon the I line C-C of either Figures 2,' 4 0r6;

Figure v8 is a horizonta section ltaken on the-iineR-n-ofrigureeg the linen-' D of Figure 4; 1

Figurel 9 is a horizontalfsect'on taken on Figure 10 is a horizontal Asection,-takenon the line E-.E yof Figure 4;

Figure 11 is a horizontal section taken on Figure 12 is a` horizontal lsection taken on'the line G-G of Figure 6; 'and j yL Figure 1'3 'is ahoriz'ontal sectionl tak -tl ie"li ne'F-'F ofLFigure 6, Y?" ['45 The same characters of reference de s1gnat e y thesame parts'throughout the seieralvievvs of the. drawings.; 4 L y.As illustrated in thev drawings, the inven- 's .tion is incorporated in one form in abattery i of the okeoven type and, in further'iorms,VA in. e combination coke oven,battery, i. e., a

'having provision for 'being'. operated feitherwith. producer gas as a fuel, kor with lcoke oven gas burned in 'an atmosphere of ordinary preheated air, vsuch as is utilized inv ordinary coke ovens, or with coke oven gasburned in an `atmosphere containing both' air v 'and a' neutral gaseous diluent which is introduced intothe flame iiues separately from the air.

l'For convenience, the present descri tion Willbeconiined to the present illustrate embodiment vpf the invention; the novel features and improvements made by the invention are susceptible of other applications,

the line A--A I chambers 12gthrong thence .'.throughascension pipes (not shown) into the? usual gasv collecting mains which :carr pro uct recovery aplparatua ovens employing producer gas as a fuel;

hence, the scope of vthe invention is not confined to the specific use and specific embodiment herein described. s an illustrative exam 1e. .J A

, eferring to the drawings, 'there are illustrated views of a coke oven battery or plant of the byroduct -type, having features above speci ed;v said oven battery embodies inits construction a plurality of crosswise elongated'heating Walls 11, 11 and a pluralityl of intermediate crosswise elongated vertical coking chambers 12, 12. The heating walls 11. form the side walls of the respective cokin chambers 12, as shown more particusupport for itheentire superstructure of the oven battery and are'themselves 'supported chambers 1 2, 12. These pillar Walls, here!VV -inafter, described, collectively form the main upon a ilatjmat or platform which constitutes the sub-foundation'on which the entireI batter-y rests. 'lhe coal to be coked is charged 'into the several coking chambersfor ovens throu h charging holes 14 located rin the top .15 of t e oven battery and positioned 'directly above the ovens or chambers V1 2, as shown in Figs.- 1 and-2. These charging holes 14 are e ui ped with the usual removable covers,

w ic are removed during charging of the individual ovens or coking chambers and are placed in position to close the 4tops of such I cokin chambersdurin the entire coking or f distil mg operation. he gases of distillationpass f romvthe to' s of the several coking i gas outlets 16 and 'the'distillation products yto the by- Heat for coking t e charges of coal in the several ovens or chambers 12 is derived from the heating walls 11, which, as above -meni tioned, extend crosswise of the battery at the sides of the coking chambers. Referring now more particularly to Figs. 2, 4 and 6, each heating wall 11 is constituted of a plurality ofvame or combustion iiues 17. The iiame vfluesof each heating wall are, in accordance .with the invention, operatively disposed into4 "ifsingle' group, that-isto say all of the iues of each heating wall operate concurrently as uptilow or downow flues, as -Will be hereina 125 -flow -to permit exhaust of the wastegases.

' Consequently heating is maintained continuously from end to end on one side of a charge of cokingpcoal in each coking chamber, lthe heatbeing applied to the full length of one side of such charge during an entire period,

and, t'hen, after reversal, being'applied to the full length of the opposite side of the charge, until Va subsequent reversal is effected.

The longitudinal regenerators 18 '0f the battery are located at a lower level than the aforesaid heating walls 11 and the coking chambers 12, and, in the present-instance; ex tend in parallelism between the longitudinal pillar walls l3.' These lpillar walls are con'- coking chambers and heating walls.

stituted of the middle pillar wall 13a, located in the middle lengthwise vertical plane of the battery, the opposite side pillar walls 13b,

and the mediate pillar walls 180 which are respectively located between the opposite side pillar `walls'lb and the middle pillar Walls 13a. As shown in Figures 2,4 and 6, y

there'are .also provided crosswise partition walls 22 which extend beneath alternate heating walls 11 from the opposite sides of the battery to the middlepillar wall 13a. This construction provides vfour series of longitudinally extending regenerators beneath he cording to the form of invention shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the two interior series of longi-4 y tudinal regenerators which are located between the middle pillar walls 13a and the mediate pillar walls 130 may function concurrently as waste gas regenerators llwhile the two. side series of longitudinal regenerators, which are located between the mediate pillar walls 13e and the side pillar walls 13b,

function concurrently as air regenerators A.

Each regenerator l8'is a chamber contain#l ing open brick work, commonly called checker work, and indicated at 20, with a distributing sole channel 21'underneath such checker work, the channels forming the soles of such chambers and opening up into the checker work. The regenerators are heated, vin alternation, by the hot combustion products that draw off from the flame or combustion flueshereinbefore mentioned andv then imthe same manner.v

part such heat to the medium that they feed into these flame flues.

In the present embodiment of the invention, the entireseries of flame flues 17 of each heating wall 11 is either burning or operating` for downliow to convey waste products to the regenerators beneath and consequently the longitudinal(regenerators which are connected withaheating wall operate concurrently for iow in the same direction and in The reversal in flow through the flame flues l7'on opposite sides of acoking chamber, and their communicably connected regenerators ma thus be said to take place longitudinally o the oven battery, instead of vtransversely thereof, as has heretofore been a common practice in this art.

` and the outflow operating regenerators become inflow operating regenerators; the upburning series of flue switches functions with the d ownburning series offlues of'thenext Aad]acentheatingv wall, and the supply of gas is turned off from the previously upburning flues and turned on into the mains of the previously downburning flues.

80 Each flame flue 17 of each heating walllias at its top a port or opening 24 for draft and the passage of combustion products or waste gas lfrom the flame within the flue. These ports 24 open up into horizontal or bus flues 85 formed in' the heating vwalls and connecting all pf the vertical flues that communicate vwith such horizontal flues 25 by means of the ports 24. According to the invention,- tliere are in each heating wall a plurality of, in g@ 4.the present instance two, of such horizontal flues 25 positioned end to end with respect to each other and respectively located on oppo# site sides of the cent1 al dividing line L. Bv

reasoirof the fact that there is aplural'ityof o5 suclrhorizontal flues 25, these ilues'25 are not required to be of so great capacity as that necessary in present practice 'and consequently the cross-sectional area of each horizontal e 25 may be materially reduced propor- 100 tionatelxy with the length of such flue, with the result thatthe thickness and strength of the heating walls are substantially increased in the region of the horizontal flues. Moreover, because of the fact that each horizontal flue 25 communicates with av substantially reduced number of vertical flues, inthe present i instance half of theflues of a heating wall,

iuniformity' in distribution of the flow through the vertical flues and the communi- .110 I eating regenerators is greatly promoted.

As shown, the two horizontal flues 25 of each heating wall are communicably con# nected by means of crossover duct means or passageways 26 respectively withothe cor- 115 responding horizontal flues of one of the n eXt adjacent heating walls. kThese -channels 26 preferably open up into substantially the middle portions of their respective connected flues 25, and extend longitudinally of the oven battery. Thus the entire flow from a heating wall, within'the flues of which coin. bustionis being maintained, passes through and downwardly through all of the flues of the next adjacent heating wall and each re 125 versal operation is accompaniedby a reversal in direction in flow of all of the flues of each heating wall. Y i

The drafts through the ports 24 may be regulated by means'of the usual movable 130.

i. the near side of said line L by means of ducts dampers or sliding bricks 27, positioned in vaccess flues 28 which extend from the top of the horizontal flues 25 in each heating wall to the top 15'of the battery, there being an4 access flue positioned over each flame or combustion flue of each. heating wall.

Extending crosswise of the battery and 1ocated beneath the heating wall 11 thereabove,

is a pair ot gas supply channels 29 and 30.

vThese channels 29 and 30 are for the purpose of supplying coke oven gas to the several flame flues on each side ot' the central line L, and to accomplish this end, the channel 29 communicates with the individual flues 17 on 31 that lead from such channel 29 individukally into the bottoms ot individual lues; and

means is provided for admit-ting or cutting oil the supply of gas with respect to each pair of channels 29 and 30, it being understood that the gas supply is either concurrently maintained or`concurrently shut oil' from both channels of each pair.

With the above described construction,

each heating lwall is. constituted. of two groups M and N of vertical combustion llues and the groups M, N of the alternate heating walls K are connected by the hereinbefore. described crossover duct passages with the corresponding groups of' lues of the intermediate heating walls I. According to the battery construction of the coke oven type `shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the individual regenerators of the opposite side series A are connected by ducts 41 with horizontal distributing flues 42 that extend in pairsbeneath the combustion flues of Vthe intern'ledlate heating walls I. The respective distributing flues 42 of each pair extend inwardly to the central longitudinal vertical plane L and correspond with the groups M, N of the A combustion flues of the intermediate heating walls. Each distributing flue 42 is connected with the individual combustion flues of the corresponding group by ports or ducts 43. In like manner, the individual regenerators of the two inside series WV are connected by .ducts 51 with horizontal distribut- In operating the battery illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, a supply of coke oven gas is maintained in the channels 29 and 30 which feed the upburning lues. Assuming that the intermediate heating walls. I are operating for inflow combustion and the alternate heating walls K for downflow of waste gas, the

two side series of the regenerators operate as inflow air-regenerators A, while the two inside'series of regenerators' operate as outflow waste gas regenerators W. On reversal of the flow., the inflow operating regenerators land lues become outflow regenerators and ilues and concurrently the outflow regenerators and flues become inflow regelierators and flues.

The battery illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4 designed' 'for operation on -the combination oven` principle, that is to say alternatively with the employment of the coke oven gas as theoven fuel, or with a special generator gas, such as producer gas. Referring to Figs.

3 and 4 the heating walls are grouped into alternate pairs K and intermediate pairs I. All the flues of the several pairs I operate for flow inthe same direction while the flues of the alternate pairs K are-operating y for flow in the opposite direction, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 4. -The regenerators of the inside series and the side series are grouped into pairs crosswise of the battery, each pair being constituted of a side regenerator and an inside regenerator,as shown in Fig. 3. The intermediate pairs of regenerators I2 correspond with and serve the intermediate pairs of heating walls I; v

dividual heating walls of the intermediate and alternate pairs I and K. These distributing lues 62 are respectively connected with the groups M` or N ofthe combustion flues of both heating walls of the corresponding intermediate or alternate pairs I or K by ducts or' ports 63. The individual regenerators of both'inside series vwhich make up the alternate and intermediate pairs I2 and K2 of regenerators are respectively ,provided with pairs of ducts 71 that lead to individualhorizontal distributing flues 72. The two distributing lues 72 corresponding to each individual regenerator -of the inside series are respectively connected by ducts 73 with the groups M or N of combustion flues. of the two heating walls that make up the pair corresponding to that regenerator. With the mea/ila 5 above described construction, each flame flue 17 is connected with adjacent separate regenerators of a pair Ig or K2, in which the flow is vmaintained concurrently in the saine direction, that is to say that both said regenf erators are either' operating for inflow or for outflow.

The operation of the battery, when employing a special generator gas,'such as ordinary producer gas as the fuel, is as follows: T he supply o't` coke oven gas to the rcoke oven gas main and to all of the coke oven gas channels 29, is cut olli. A supply o' producer gas is permitted to flow into the producer gas regenerator P, such as are operating for inflow, and passing' through said regenerators is preheated before being deliv-v During ered into the burning flame tlues. the inflow of producer gas through such regenerators P waste gas from the downburning lues is flowing out through the other 'regenerators IV. In the regenerators A inllo'w of air is maintained and passing upwardly through such regenerators inallyv enters the burning llame llues tosupport the combus- -ti'on of the producer ygas that is delivered and 30 which feed the upburning llues. The A' reversing mechanism is operated at each reversal to place all of the inflow operating regenerators in communication with tlieouter air and concurrently all of the outflow operating regenerators in communication r.with t-he exhaust. A further mode of operation is with coke oven gas as a fuel, combined with a supply of neutral gaseous diluent to the upburning fines. In so operating the battery, the supply of producer gas is turned ott' and the supply ot coke oven gas is turned on. Instead however of permitting air to flow into regenerators of theseries P that serve for producer gas, during the latter operation, waste gas is permitted Ato flow into such regenerators and be delivered thereby to the upburning flame flues. The admission into each ot the upburning lues of a supply of theneutral gaseous diluent, such as waste gas, is eective to lengthen greatly the flames within such flues and to preventlthe localization 'of the hot-test flame temperature in the extreme lower portions of the flues.

"A further type of combination oven bat-v tery is illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6. Thisembodiment of the .invention is substantially the same as that disclosed in Figs.` 3 and 4, with the exception of the arrangement and grouping of the regenerators. Instead of grouping the producer gasand air regenerators crosswise of the battery, so that alternate pairs of such regenerators operate :tor inllow, while the intermediate pairs are operating for outflow, the producer gas regenerators P valternate with the air regenerators A, in the series of regenerators that extends lonvgitudinally of the batteryistructure. lVith this arrangement all the regenerators of both side series operate for inflow, while, concurrently, all the regenerators of both the inside ,longitudinal series are operating for outflow as waste 'gas regenerators YV, and vice versa.A

As shown, each regenerator A. ot the outside series is connected yby a duct 81, distributing channel 82 and ducts S3 with a groupl of llame lues M or N of two adjacent heating walls suchas the intermediate pair I. The' regenerators P of the outsideseries are each connected by a pair of ducts 91, distributing flues 92 and ducts 93 with one heating wallet each adjacent intermediate pair I. Each regenerator P of' the inside series is connected by a duct 101, distributing channel 102 and ducts 103 with a group 'of llame lues M or N vof an alternate pair K. The regenerators A of theinside series are each connected by a pair of ducts 111, distributing flues 112 and ducts 113 with one heating wall of each adj acent alternate pair K. With this arrangement, each pair ot inflow-operating heating walls has flow duct connections with both air andproducer gas regenerators, and the outlow-operating heating walls have flow duct connections with waste gas regenerators.

'T he operation of the battery shown in Figs.

5 and 6 is substantially the same as that hereinbefore described in connection-with Figs. 3 and 4 and has the same alternative modes of operation.

In allforms of the invention, thereis provided a substantially independent structure for the flow ot the heating gases on bbth sides ot the longitudinal central plane of the battery. This arrangement permits independent control of the flow of the heating gases on the respective sides of the battery structure. Inasmuch as the horizontal ovens taper in width from the pusher end at one side of the battery to the coke end at the other side,l

the arrangement of the invention provides the important advantage that the volume of moted. The grouping of the flame ilues into groups M, N with the substantially independent regenerative connections to each group permits one end of a hea-ting wall to' be operated for upflow, while, if desired, the opposite end of the heating wall may be concurrently operated for downflow.

The invention l-as hereinaboveA set forth ni'ay be variously embodied within the scope of the claims hereinafter made.

1. In a coking retort oven, in combination: a plurality of `coking chambers alternating with substantially similar heating `walls contiguous to such coking chambers and i'espectively constituted of vertical combust-ion flues; horizontal flues in each heating wall and res )ectively connecting a plurality of the com ustion flues of'tl'ieir respective heating walls; the horizontal flues of a heating wall being also communicably connected wit i the corresponding horizontal flues of an adjacent heating wall; several inain supportingl walls below the coking and heating chambei's and extending longitudinally of the oven and forming lengthwise of the ove'ii tunnel structures and individually regulable and reversible regeiierators between the adjacent supporting walls, each regenerator communieating with flues of both of two heating walls on opposite sides of a coking chamber and connected in'pai'rs with combustion lues of g single heating wall; substantially as speci- 2. In a coking retort oven, in combination: a plurality of coking chambers alternating ywith substantially similar heating walls contiguous to such coking chambers and respectively .constituted of vertical combustion flues; horizontal flues in each heating wall and respectively connecting a' plurality of thecombustion flues of their-respective heating walls; the horizontal flues of a heatin wall being also communicably connected wit the corresponding horizontal flues of an adjacent heating Wall; several main s'upport- .i

ing walls below the coking and heating chambers and extending longitudinally of the oven and forming lengthwise of the oven tunnel structures and regenerators between adjacent supporting walls and connected with said.

combustion f'lues,v the regenerators being ai'- ranged in longitudinal series, with the inflow and the outflow regeneiators in different longitudinal series and with each series of inflow regenerators constituted of air re-l generators and alternate producer gas regenerators; substantiallv as specified.

3. In a coking retort oven, in combination: a plurality of cokiiig chambers alternating with flued heating walls respectivelyconstitutiiig the opposite side walls of said coking chamber` the flues of thel heating walls being communicably connecte-d with each other by d uct mea ns extending over the top of the col(- ing chamber, reversible means for maintaining combustion in alternation in sai he ting y walls, the connections being such that he ex..-

haust gases produced by the combus on' in one heating wall are drawn oill through the other, several main supporting walls below the cokin and heating chambers and forni-V ing lengt -wise of the oven tunnel structure and reversible regenerators between the ad- .l jacent sup )orting walls and disposed in series exten ing longitudinally of the oven and res ectively connected with said heating wa ls; the inflow regenerators and the outflow regenerators being in different longitudinal series substantially as specified.

4. A coking retort oven battery comprising coking chambers alternating with flued heating walls, said heating walls being comniunicably connected in pairs by ducts extending across the intervening coking chainbers, and regenerators disposed in tunnel structures that extend longitudinally of the battery and operatively disposed in reversi- `connected with the flues of said heating Walls,

and in which the connections are such that some of the chambers may be heated by flame along both sides simultaneously in alternate working periods while other chambers are heated by flame first on one side and then on t-he opposite side in successive working periods, substantially as specified.

6. A coking retort oven battery compi-ising coking chambers alternating with flued heating walls. said heating walls being co'mniunicably connected in pairs by ducts extending across the intervening coking chain- `ners, and regenerators disposed in tunnel structures that extend longitudinally of the battery and operatively disposed in reversi ble inflow and outflow groups respectively connected with the f lucs of said heating walls` and in which the inflow and outflow' regeneratorsare respectively arranged in alternate rows transversely of the tunnels and are respectively connected by ducts to the lues of the respective heating walls of communicably connected pairs, substantially as specified.

7. A treating retort battery comprising treating chambers alternating with flued vheating walls, the heating walls being coinmaiale municably connected in pairs one ofthe walls of each'pair serving for inflow while the other servesfor outflowth'e inflow and' out'- flow serving walls of' adjacent :pairsbeiiig arranged respectively next to each other and regenerators disposedl in tunnel structures that extend longitudinally ofl the battery, each lying underftwo` heating wallsV of adjacent pairs and being coinmunicably connectedwith the flues'of adjacent walls of adjoiiiing pairs, substantially as specified.

8. A treating'reto'rt battery comprising treating chambers alternating withv fined heating walls, vthe heating walls'being coinmunicably connected in pairs, one 'of the walls of each pair lservingv for inflow while the other serves for outflow, the inflow and outflow serving walls of adjacent. pairs being arranged respectivelyY next to each other, and regenerators, each respectively coniniunicably connected with the respective adjacent heating walls of adjacent pails, substantially as specified. f

9. In a coliing retort oven, in combination: a series of horizontal coking chambers alternating with substantially7 similar heating walls contiguous to said coking chambers and respectively comprising vertical combustion flues operable in alternation for upflow;V

combustion and downflow of `combustion products; horizontal collecting flow duct means in each heating wall and respectively connecting` a plurality of the combustion fines of their respective heating walls at their upper ends; the horizontal flow duct means ofva heating wall contiguous to one of said coking chambers being also communicably connected with the horizontal flow duct means of one ofthe heating walls on the op- 'posite side of said one of said coking chambers by cross-over duct means crossing over .said one of said coliing chambers; several main supporting walls below the, coking chambers and heating walls and extending longitudinally of the oven and forming lengthwise of the oven arched tunnel structures; and regenerators between the adjacent supporting walls and arranged in two longintuldinal series disposed side-by-side transversely of the oven and operable in alternation with each other for inflow and outflow: the regenerators of each of the longitudinal series of rcgeiierators being coniniunicablyv connected with vertical. combustion flues of some of the heating walls in theI portions of the oven structure above them and being also coniinunicably connected with vertical conibustion flues of some of the'lieating walls in the portions of the oven structure. aboveregenerators of the-other series ot regenerators by conduit devices comprising channel means respectively extending lengthwise of said coking chambers and heating walls below the plane of the bottoms of vertical flues with whichthey communicate and ab'ove'thc ieg'enerators below tlie'saine vertical'flues.'v

y10.7In a coliing retort oven, in 'coinbiiia' tion: a series of horizontal coli'ing chambers alternating` with substantially similar heat-I ing walls contiguous to said coliing chambers and respectively comprising vertical combustion flues operable in alternation for upflow'combustion and downflow of combus-l tion products; horizontal 'collecting flow duct means in each heating' wall and-respectively connecting a7 plurality of thc 'combus- ,tion flues of their respective heating walls at their upper ends; the horizontal flow duct means oi' a heating wall` contiguous to one' of said coking chambers being also communicably-connected with the horizontal flow duct means of one of the heating'walls on the opposite side of said one of said coking chainbers by cross-over lduct'means crossing over said one of said coking chambers; regenerar-"- tors arranged in two longitudinal series dis-` posed side-by-sidc-transversely of the oven and operable in alternation with each other for inilow and outflow and respectively eX- tending transversely of and below the 'coking chambers and heating walls; the regenerators of each of the series being. coininunieably connected with vertical ccmbustion fines-of some of -the heating walls in the portions ofthe oven structure above them and being also communicably connected with vertical combustion flues of s'ome of the heating walls in the' portions. of oven structure above regenerators of' the other l'series of regenerators 'by conduit devices c ompiising channel means respectively 1(attending lengthwise of said colring chambers and heating walls below the plane of the'bottomsof the vertical flues with which they communicate and above tlieregenerators below the same vertical flues. n ll. In a coking retort oven; in combinatio'n: a series of horizontal coking chambers alternating with substantially similar heat- `ing walls contiguous to said coking chainbei's and respectively comprising vertical coinbustion fines operable in alternation for upflow coiiibustioii and downflow of combustion products; horizontal collect- .ing `flow duct means vvin each heating wall and respectively connecting a plurality oi'w 'and respectively extending transversely of and below the coking chambers .and heating comprising channel means respectively eX- l tending, lengthwise of said coking chambers and heating walls below the plane of the bottoms of the vertical flues with which they communicate and above the regenerators below the same Vertical flues; and each seriesi of regenerators, when operable for infiow,

vcomprising air regenerators and'fuel gas regenerators with the air regenerators and the gas regenerators arranged side-by-side .in al single row.

12. A coke oven as claimed in cla-iin 10 and in which each series of regenerators comprises, when operable for inflow, air regeiierators and fuel'g'as regenerators.

13. A cokingY retort oven battery comprising, in combination z' a series of alternatev horizontal coking chambers and vertically fined heating walls therefor arranged laterally of each other in a '.row, and regener ators arranged in two longitudinal series disposed side-by-side transversely of the battery below the coking chambers and heating walls, one of said series being operablefor inflow as a-ir and gas regenerators while the other series operates simultaneously for outow as waste gas regenerators, and reversely, and the regenerators of each series being 1n communication with vertical fines that are above said series and also communicably connected by feed-ducts with distributing c liannels that extend lengthwise of the coking chambers and over the regenerators of the other series of regenerators and are directly commuiiicably connected with vertical flues that are above said other series of regenerators, so that regenerative fuel-gas and air inflow and waste-gas outflow may be effected concurrently in vertical flues above both series of regenerators .simultaneously .and soA that counterflow of fuel-gas and waste-gas in regenerators alongside each A other in a series lengthwise of the battery is avoided; andin which the aforesaid feedducts of the regenerators of each series of regenerators lead directly from their respective regenerators into the distributing channels above the other series of regenerators, and the aforesaid feed-ducts Aof the regenerators of one of the two series of'reg'enerators are arranged in side-by-slde crissf crossing relation with the aforesaid feedducts of the concurrently reverse-flow regenerators of the other of the two series of regenerators.

14. A coking retort oven batter comprising, in combination: a series o 4. alternate` horizontal coking chambers and vertically fined heating walls therefor arranged laterally of each other in a row,vand regenerators arranged in two longitudinal series disposed side-by-side transversely of the battery below the coking chambers and heating walls and with a massive partition-wall extending lengthwise of the battery between the two series of regenerators, one of said series being operable for inflow as air and gas regenerators while the other series operates simultaneously for outflow as waste gas regenerators, and reversely, and the regenerators of each series being in communication with vertical flues that are above said series and'also communicably connected by feed-ductswith distributing channels that extend lengthwise of the coking chambers and over the regeneratorsof the other series of regenerators andare directly communicably, connected with Vertical fines that are above said other series of regenerators, so that regenerative fuel-gas and air inflow and waste-gas outflow vmay be .effected concurrently in vertical fines above both series of tregene-rators simultaneously and so that counterflow of fuel-gas and waste-gas in regenerators alon side each other in a series lengthwise of t e battery is avoided; and in which the aforesaid feed-ducts of thel regenerators of each series of regenerators lead directly from their respective regenerators into the distributing channels above the .other series of regenerators, and the aforesaid feed-ducts of the regenerators of one of myv hand. i

. JOSEPHECKER. 

